EEE Sem-4

GE3451 - ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES AND SUSTAINABILITY

UNIT I - ENVIRONMENT AND BIODIVERSITY

Definition, scope and importance of environment – need for public awareness. Eco-system and Energy flow– ecological succession. Types of biodiversity: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity– values of biodiversity, India as a mega-diversity nation – hot-spots of biodiversity – threats to biodiversity: habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts – endangered and endemic species of India – conservation of biodiversity: In-situ and ex-situ.

UNIT II - ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

Causes, Effects and Preventive measures of Water, Soil, Air and Noise Pollutions. Solid, Hazardous and E-Waste management. Case studies on Occupational Health and Safety Management system (OHASMS). Environmental protection, Environmental protection acts .

UNIT III - RENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY

Energy management and conservation, New Energy Sources: Need of new sources. Different types new energy sources. Applications of- Hydrogen energy, Ocean energy resources, Tidal energy conversion. Concept, origin and power plants of geothermal energy.

UNIT IV - SUSTAINABILITY AND MANAGEMENT

Development , GDP ,Sustainability- concept, needs and challenges-economic, social and aspects of sustainability-from unsustainability to sustainability-millennium development goals, and protocols-Sustainable Development Goals-targets, indicators and intervention areas Climate change- Global, Regional and local environmental issues and possible solutions-case studies. Concept of Carbon Credit, Carbon Footprint. Environmental management in industry-A case study.

UNIT V - SUSTAINABILITY PRACTICES

Zero waste and R concept, Circular economy, ISO 14000 Series, Material Life cycle assessment, Environmental Impact Assessment. Sustainable habitat: Green buildings, Green materials, Energy efficiency, Sustainable transports. Sustainable energy: Non-conventional Sources, Energy Cycles￾carbon cycle, emission and sequestration, Green Engineering: Sustainable urbanization- Socio￾economical and technological change.

EE3401 - TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION

UNIT I - TRANSMISSION LINE PARAMETERS

Structure of electric power system - Parameters of single and three phase transmission lines with single and double circuits -Resistance, inductance, and capacitance of solid, stranded, and bundled conductors - Typical configuration, conductor types - Symmetrical and unsymmetrical spacing and transposition – application of self and mutual GMD; skin and proximity effects - Effects of earth on the capacitance of the transmission line - interference with neighboring communication circuits

UNIT II - MODELLING AND PERFORMANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINES

Performance of Transmission lines – short line, medium line and long line – equivalent circuits, phasor diagram, attenuation constant, phase constant, surge impedance – transmission efficiency and voltage regulation, real and reactive power flow in lines – Power Circle diagrams – Ferranti effect – Formation of Corona – Critical Voltages – Effect on line Performance

UNIT III - SAG CALCULATION AND LINE SUPPORTS

Mechanical design of overhead lines – Line Supports –Types of towers – Tension and Sag Calculation for different weather conditions – Methods of grounding - Insulators: Types, voltage distribution in insulator string, improvement of string efficiency, testing of insulators

UNIT IV - UNDERGROUND CABLES

Underground cables – Types of cables – Construction of single-core and 3-core belted cables – Insulation Resistance – Potential Gradient – Capacitance of single-core and 3-core belted cables – Grading of cables – Power factor and heating of cables– DC cables

UNIT V - DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

Distribution Systems – General Aspects – Kelvin’s Law – AC and DC distributions –Concentrated and Distributed loading- Techniques of Voltage Control and Power factor improvement – Distribution Loss Types of Substations – Trends in Transmission and Distribution: EHVAC, HVDC and FACTS (Qualitative treatment only)

EE3402- LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

UNIT I - IC FABRICATION

IC classification, fundamental of monolithic IC technology, epitaxial growth, masking and etching, diffusion of impurities. Realisation of monolithic ICs and packaging. Fabrication of diodes, capacitance, resistance, FETs and PV Cell

UNIT II -CHARACTERISTICS OF OPAMP

Ideal OP-AMP characteristics, DC characteristics, AC characteristics, differential amplifier; frequency response of OP-AMP; Voltage-shunt feedback and inverting amplifier - Voltage series feedback: and Non-Inverting Amplifier - Basic applications of op-amp –, summer, differentiator and Integrator-V/I & I/V converters

UNIT III - APPLICATIONS OF OPAMP

Instrumentation amplifier and its applications for transducer Bridge, Log and Antilog Amplifiers- Analog multiplier & Divider, first and second order active filters, comparators, multi vibrators, waveform generators, clippers, clampers, peak detector, S/H circuit, D/A converter (R- 2R ladder and weighted resistor types), A/D converters using OP-AMPs

UNIT IV - SPECIAL ICs

Functional block, characteristics of 555 Timer and its PWM application - IC-566 voltage controlled oscillator IC; 565-phase locked loop IC, AD633 Analog multiplier ICs

UNIT V - APPLICATION ICs

AD623 Instrumentation Amplifier and its application as load cell weight measurement - IC voltage regulators –LM78XX, LM79XX; Fixed voltage regulators its application as Linear power supply - LM317, 723 Variability voltage regulators, switching regulator- SMPS - ICL 8038 function generator IC

EE3403 - MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION

UNIT I - CONCEPTS OF MEASUREMENTS

Instruments: classification, applications – Elements of a generalized measurement system - Static and dynamic characteristics - Errors in measurement -Statistical evaluation of measurement data

UNIT II- MEASUREMENT OF PARAMETERS IN ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS

Classification of instruments – moving coil and moving iron meters – Induction type, dynamometer type watt meters – Energy meter – Megger – Instrument transformers (CT & PT)

UNIT III - AC/DC BRIDGES AND INSTRUMENTATION AMPLIFIERS

Wheatstone bridge, Kelvin double bridge - Maxwell, Hay, Wien and Schering bridges – Errors and compensation in A.C. bridges - Instrumentation Amplifiers

UNIT IV - TRANSDUCERS FOR MEASUREMENT OF NON- ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS

Classification of transducers – Measurement of pressure, temperature, displacement, flow, angular velocity – Digital transducers – Smart Sensors

UNIT V - DIGITAL INSTRUMENTATION

A/D converters: types and characteristics – Sampling, Errors- Measurement of voltage, Current, frequency and phase - D/A converters: types and characteristics- DSO- Data Loggers – Basics of PLC programming and Introduction to Virtual Instrumentation - Instrument standards

EE3404 - MICROPROCESSOR AND MICROCONTROLLER

UNIT I - INTRODUCTION TO 8085 ARCHITECTURE

Functional block diagram – Memory interfacing–I/O ports and data transfer concepts – Timing Diagram – Interrupt structure

UNIT II - 8085 INSTRUCTION SET AND PROGRAMMING

Instruction format and addressing modes – Assembly language format – Data transfer, data manipulation & control instructions – Programming: Loop structure with counting & Indexing - Look up table - Subroutine instructions, stack

UNIT III - INTERFACING BASICS AND ICS

Study of Architecture and programming of ICs: 8255 PPI, 8259PIC, 8251USART, 8279 Keyboard display controller and 8254 Timer/Counter – Interfacing with 8085 -A/D and D/A converter interfacing

UNIT IV - INTRODUCTION TO 8051 MICROCONTROLLER

Functional block diagram - Instruction format and addressing modes – Interrupt structure – Timer – I/O ports – Serial communication, Simple programming –keyboard and display interface – Temperature control system –stepper motor control - Usage of IDE for assembly language programming

UNIT V - INTRODUCTION TO RISC BASED ARCHITECTURE

PIC16 /18 architecture, Memory organization – Addressing modes – Instruction set - Programming techniques – Timers – I/O ports – Interrupt programming

EE3405 - ELECTRICAL MACHINES - II

UNIT I - SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR

Constructional details – Types of rotors –winding factors- EMF equation – Synchronous reactance – Armature reaction – Phasor diagrams of non-salient pole synchronous generator connected to infinite bus--Synchronizing and parallel operation – Synchronizing torque -Change of excitation and mechanical input- Voltage regulation – EMF, MMF, ZPF and A.S.A method – steady state power- angle characteristics– Two reaction theory –slip test -short circuit transients - Capability Curves

UNIT II - SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR

Principle of operation – Torque equation – Operation on infinite bus bars - V and Inverted V curves – Power input and power developed equations – Starting methods – Current loci for constant power input, constant excitation and constant power Developed-Hunting – natural frequency of oscillations – damper windings- synchronous condenser

UNIT III - THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

Constructional details – Types of rotors –- Principle of operation – Slip –cogging and crawling- Equivalent circuit – Torque-Slip characteristics - Condition for maximum torque – Losses and efficiency – Load test - No load and blocked rotor tests - Circle diagram – Separation of losses – Double cage induction motors –Induction generators – Synchronous induction motor

UNIT IV - STARTING AND SPEED CONTROL OF THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

Need for starting – Types of starters – DOL, Rotor resistance, Autotransformer and Star delta starters – Speed control – Voltage control, Frequency control and pole changing – Cascaded Connection-V/f control – Slip power recovery Scheme-Braking of three phase induction motor: Plugging, dynamic braking and regenerative braking

UNIT V -SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTORS AND SPECIAL MACHINES

Constructional details of single phase induction motor – Double field revolving theory and operation – Equivalent circuit – No load and blocked rotor test – Performance analysis – Starting methods of single-phase induction motors – Capacitor-start capacitor run Induction motor- Shaded pole induction motor - Linear induction motor – Repulsion motor - Hysteresis motor - AC series motor- Servo motors- Stepper motors - introduction to magnetic levitation systems