AUTOMOBILE Sem-3

MA3351-TRANSFORMS AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

UNIT I - PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Formation of partial differential equations –Solutions of standard types of first order partial differential equations - First order partial differential equations reducible to standard types- Lagrange’s linear equation - Linear partial differential equations of second and higher order with constant coefficients of both homogeneous and non-homogeneous types

UNIT II - FOURIER SERIES

Dirichlet’s conditions – General Fourier series – Odd and even functions – Half range sine series and cosine series – Root mean square value – Parseval’s identity – Harmonic analysis

UNIT III - APPLICATIONS OF PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Classification of PDE – Method of separation of variables - Fourier series solutions of one dimensional wave equation – One dimensional equation of heat conduction – Steady state solution of two-dimensional equation of heat conduction (Cartesian coordinates only)

UNIT IV - FOURIER TRANSFORMS

Statement of Fourier integral theorem– Fourier transform pair – Fourier sine and cosine transforms – Properties – Transforms of simple functions – Convolution theorem – Parseval’s identity

UNIT V - Z - TRANSFORMS AND DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS

Z-transforms - Elementary properties – Convergence of Z-transforms - – Initial and final value theorems - Inverse Z-transform using partial fraction and convolution theorem - Formation of difference equations – Solution of difference equations using Z - transforms

ME3393 - MANUFACTURING PROCESSES

UNIT I - METAL CASTING PROCESSES

Sand Casting – Sand Mould – Type of patterns - Pattern Materials – Pattern allowances – Molding sand Properties and testing – Cores –Types and applications – Molding machines – Types and applications– Melting furnaces – Principle of special casting processes- Shell, investment – Ceramic mould – Pressure die casting – low pressure, gravity- Tilt pouring, high pressure die casting- Centrifugal Casting – CO2 casting –- Defects in Sand casting process-remedies

UNIT II - METAL JOINING PROCESSES

Fusion welding processes – Oxy fuel welding – Filler and Flux materials-–Arc welding, Electrodes, Coating and specifications – Gas Tungsten arc welding –Gas metal arc welding - Submerged arc welding – Electro slag welding– Plasma arc welding –– Resistance welding Processes -Electron beam welding –Laser beam Welding Friction welding – Friction stir welding – Diffusion welding – Thermit Welding, Weld defects – inspection &remedies – Brazing - soldering – Adhesive bonding

UNIT III - BULK DEFORMATION PROCESSES

Hot working and cold working of metals – Forging processes – Open, impression and closed die forging cold forging- Characteristics of the processes – Typical forging operations – rolling of metals – Types of Rolling – Flat strip rolling – shape rolling operations – Defects in rolled parts – Principle of rod and wire drawing – Tube drawing – Principles of Extrusion – Types – Hot and Cold extrusion. Introduction to shaping operations

UNIT IV - SHEET METAL PROCESSES

Sheet metal characteristics – Typical shearing, bending and drawing operations – Stretch forming operations – Formability of sheet metal – Test methods –special forming processes - Working principle and applications – Hydro forming – Rubber pad forming – Metal spinning – Introduction of Explosive forming, magnetic pulse forming, peen forming, Super plastic forming – Micro forming – Incremental forming

UNIT V - MANUFACTURE OF PLASTIC COMPONENTS

Types and characteristics of plastics – Molding of thermoplastics & Thermosetting polymers– working principles and typical applications – injection molding – Plunger and screw machines – Compression molding, Transfer Molding – Typical industrial applications – introduction to blow molding – Rotational molding – Film blowing – Extrusion – Thermoforming – Bonding of Thermoplastics- duff moulding

AU3301 - THERMODYNAMICS AND HEAT TRANSFER

UNIT I - BASIC THERMODYNAMICS

Systems, closed, open and isolated. Property, state, path and process, quasi-static process, Zeroth low, First law. Steady flow energy equation. Engineering Applications of Steady flow energy equation Heat and work transfer in flow and non-flow processes. Simple problems-Second law, Kelvin-Planck statement – Clausius statement - Concept of Entropy (descriptive)

UNIT II- AIR STANDARD CYCLES AND COMPRESSORS

Cycle, Carnot cycle, Otto, Diesel, Dual combustion and Brayton cycles; Calculation of Air standard efficiency (simple problems). Mean effective pressure (Definition only). Compressors, Classifications of compressors, Reciprocating compressor- Rotary, Axial and Vane compressors (descriptive)

UNIT III - STEAM PROPERTIES AND CYCLE

Formation of steam and its thermodynamic properties, T-s and h-s diagrams. Properties of steam, Dryness fraction, Quality of steam by steam tables and Mollier chart – simple Rankine cycle, Efficiency, Steam Nozzles, Types of nozzles, Friction in nozzles (descriptive)

UNIT IV - REFRIGERATION AND AIR-CONDITIONING

Construction and working principles of refrigeration, Vapour compression system - Vapour absorption types, comparison – Definition of Co-efficient of performance (COP), Properties of refrigerants – Basic Principle, Summer, winter and Year round Air conditioning

UNIT V - INTRODUCTION TO HEAT TRANSFER

Modes of heat transfer, Heat conduction in parallel, radial and composite wall – Heat conduction through hollow and composite cylinders, spheres (simple problems). Basics of Convective heat transfer and Fundamentals of Radiative heat transfer (descriptive only)– Types of heat exchangers, Arithmetic and Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference (AMTD & LMTD)

ME3351 - ENGINEERING MECHANICS

UNIT I - STATICS OF PARTICLES

Fundamental Concepts and Principles, Systems of Units, Method of Problem Solutions, Statics of Particles Forces in a Plane, Resultant of Forces, Resolution of a Force into Components, Rectangular Components of a Force, Unit Vectors. Equilibrium of a Particle- Newton’s First Law of Motion, Space and Free-Body Diagrams, Forces in Space, Equilibrium of a Particle in Space

UNIT II - EQUILIBRIUM OF RIGID BODIES

Principle of Transmissibility, Equivalent Forces, Vector Product of Two Vectors, Moment of a Force about a Point, Varignon’s Theorem, Rectangular Components of the Moment of a Force, Scalar Product of Two Vectors, Mixed Triple Product of Three Vectors, Moment of a Force about an Axis, Couple - Moment of a Couple, Equivalent Couples, Addition of Couples, Resolution of a Given Force into a Force -Couple system, Further Reduction of a System of Forces, Equilibrium in Two and Three Dimensions - Reactions at Supports and Connections

UNIT III - DISTRIBUTED FORCES

Centroids of lines and areas – symmetrical and unsymmetrical shapes, Determination of Centroids by Integration, Theorems of Pappus-Guldinus, Distributed Loads on Beams, Centre of Gravity of a Three Dimensional Body, Centroid of a Volume, Composite Bodies, Determination of Centroids of Volumes by Integration. Moments of Inertia of Areas and Mass - Determination of the Moment of Inertia of an Area by Integration, Polar Moment of Inertia, Radius of Gyration of an Area, Parallel-Axis Theorem, Moments of Inertia of Composite Areas, Moments of Inertia of a Mass - Moments of Inertia of Thin Plates, Determination of the Moment of Inertia of a Three-Dimensional Body by Integration

UNIT IV - FRICTION

The Laws of Dry Friction, Coefficients of Friction, Angles of Friction, Wedge friction, Wheel Friction, Rolling Resistance, Ladder friction

UNIT V - DYNAMICS OF PARTICLES

Kinematics - Rectilinear Motion and Curvilinear Motion of Particles. Kinetics- Newton’s Second Law of Motion -Equations of Motions, Dynamic Equilibrium, Energy and Momentum Methods - Work of a Force, Kinetic Energy of a Particle, Principle of Work and Energy, Principle of Impulse and Momentum, Impact of bodies

AU3302 - AUTOMOTIVE HYDRAULICS AND MACHINERY

UNIT I - BASIC CONCEPTS

Classification of fluids and their properties – Measurement of pressure and viscosity – Fluid statics and force on submerged bodies – Stability of floating bodies

UNIT II - EQUATIONS OF FLUID FLOW

Kinematics – Motion of a fluid particle – Fluid deformation – Navier Stokes equation and Euler’s equation – Basic laws of fluid motion in integral form and differential form - Linear momentum equation

UNIT III - INCOMPRESSIBLE INVISCID AND VISCOUS FLOWS

Bernoulli’s equations – Applications –– Flow measurement – Orifice plate – Venturi meter –Fully developed laminar flow between parallel plates – Laminar and turbulent flow through pipes – Velocity profiles – Energy considerations in pipe flow – Calculation of head loss Pipe flow problems – Hydraulic and energy grade lines

UNIT IV - DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS ANDMODELSTUDIES

Dimensional analysis – non-dimensional numbers - The Buckingham-Pi theorem – Significant dimensionless groups – Flow similarity and model studies

UNIT V - HYDRAULIC MACHINERY FOR VEHICLE APPLICATIONS

Impact of jets - Euler’s equation ‐ Classification of turbines – heads and efficiencies – velocity triangles. Turbochargers – selection of type, working principle ‐ Reciprocating pump, Rotary pumps –classification and working principle. Fuel pumps – selection of type and working principle

AU3303 - AUTOMOTIVE ENGINES

UNIT I - ENGINE FUNDAMENTALS

Engine types and their operation- classifications – Terminology- Four stroke and two stroke cycle- Engine components, working principle of SI and CI engines - Engine operating parameters‐ Fuel –air and actual cycle analysis – Engine emissions – valve and port timing diagram – firing order

UNIT II - INDUCTION AND IGNITION SYSTEM

Carburettors – mixture requirements - working principles, different circuits – Requirements and objective of injection system – types of injection - Jerk and distributor type pumps, Unit injector, common rail direct injection - Electronic fuel injection – GDI, Injection timing, Injection lag. Types of injection nozzle, Nozzle tests. Spray characteristics. Split and Multiple injection. Mechanical and pneumatic governors. Ignition system- battery coil, magneto coil and Electronic ignition system

UNIT III - COMBUSTION OF FUELS

Combustion in SI engine - Stages of combustion- Flame Propagation- Rate of pressure rise- Abnormal combustion- combustion chambers – design objectives and types Engine Knock Thermodynamic analysis of SI engine combustion- Burned and Unburned mixture states – combustion process characterization- CI Engine - Importance of air motion – Swirl, Squish and Tumble. Swirl ratio. Stages of combustion. Delay period – factors affecting delay period. knock in CI & SI engines. Direct and indirect injection combustion chambers for diesel combustion

UNIT IV - ENGINE COOLING, LUBRICATING AND EXHAUST SYSTEM

Cooling system – Function- types - working principle - Lubricating system- Function- types - Lubricant Requirements Necessity and limitation of supercharging. Types of supercharger and turbocharger. Intercooler. Matching of turbocharger. Modification of an engine for supercharging. Effect of supercharging on engine performance- exhaust system- exhaust manifold - muffler types

UNIT V - ENGINE TESTING AND MEASUREMENTS

Engine testing and measuring equipment- Indicated and brake MEP, operating variables that affect engine performance, efficiency and emission – Automotive and stationary engine testing and related standards – use of transient dynamometer for engine testing. Engine power– measurement of indicated power-brake power- frictional power- efficiencies – Heat balance – Methods to improve engine performance